| This is a list of water systems that have been demonstrated to harbor Legionella bacteria and have been associated with outbreaks. Their investigation should be included in any Legionella Risk Assessment program: 1. Potable water systems 2. Cooling towers 3. Water walls 4. Aerosol generation during the biological treatment of some industrial process wastewater streams ie., pulp and paper manufacturing, food and beverage manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing 5. Aerosol generation during municipal water and wastewater treatment 6. Raw, utility or fire water 7. Ornamental outdoor and indoor water fountains and ponds 8. Heated swimming pools* 9. Hot tubs 10. Humidifiers 11. Metal working fluids 12. Medical therapy equipment like dialysis units, nasogastric tubes, respiratory equipment and nebulizers, whirlpool baths 13. Commercial car wash facilities particularly those using recycled water 14. Supermarket vegetable misters 15. Ice machines in hotels and hospitals 16. Outdoor body misters at ballparks and amusement parks* 17. Use of tap water in place of manufactured windshield cleaner fluid 18. Fog Machines *Has not been associated with any cases of legionellosis to date but all the conditions exist for the presence and transmission of the bacteria. |